Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
I thoroughly enjoyed that particular TV series and was saddened to discover that it was
going on hiatus after only six episodes.
a break
an opening
a passage
a gap
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
In small-town America one hundred years ago, the boardinghouse catered to long-term
visitors, while the hotel met the needs of mere transients.
traveling salespeople
tourists on holiday
people just passing through
displaced persons
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
The fog that morning was so inscrutable that traffic officials were warning drivers not
to proceed until it lifted.
incapable of being understood
unlikely to cause harm
unable to distinguish
impossible to see through
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Of the one hundred forty-two books of Livy’s great History of Rome, only thirty-five
survive intact; the rest are known solely from epitomes by later writers.
quotations
archetypes
summaries
explanations
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Smaller and smaller images of the chandeliers and candelabras forever reverberated in
the mirrors that encrusted the wall of the great central reception hall.
thundered
were reflected
resounded
were enlarged
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
The grapes from that region produce a full-bodied wine with a decidedly austere
flavor-quite the opposite of the smooth, fruity, but somewhat watery vintages
characteristic of other parts of the country.
solemn
plain
subdued
harsh
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
When Hamlet sourly observes,
“Thrift, thrift, Horatio. The funeral baked meats
Did coldly furnish for the marriage tables,”
he is essentially registering his disapproval of the fact that the funeral of his father and
the remarriage of his mother were so contiguous.
close in size
related in blood
near in time
adjacent in space
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
During the “Neolithic Revolution,” as it is called, human being exchanged the highly
discursive lifestyle of the hunter-gatherer for the more sedentary one of the farmer.
primitive
digressive
episodic
nomadic
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Fire marshals soon apprehended the incendiary responsible for the conflagration that
reduced to smoking embers the historic waterfront hotel.
arsonist
rabble-rouser
agitator
criminal
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Though computers have long since eclipsed human beings in the ability to perform
complex mathematical calculations, as reasoning entities they are still comparatively
bestial.
subhuman in intelligence
beastlike
depraved and brutal
inferior
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
In some religions the name of the deity is considerable ineffable, and believers forbear
to utter in for fear of inviting divine retribution.
utterly inexpressible
too scared to be spoken
absolutely indescribable
unknowable
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Because the accused was a protégé and therefore could not be tried, Federal
prosecutors arranged to have him deported to his native land, there to be charged by
his own government.
trainee
someone enjoying the patronage of a powerful person
disciple
someone under the protection of another government
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Medical authorities grew alarmed when the strange ailment proved refractory and
fearing an outbreak or even an epidemic, quarantined the stricken patients.
untreatable
unruly
disobedient
stubborn
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Cosmologists who subscribe to the big bang theory believe that the explosion from
which the universe emerged occurred at least 10 billion years ago but lasted only a
punctilio.
nicely
fine point
detail
instant
Vocabulary in Context: Choose the answer that best captures he meaning of the
underlined word in each sentence.
Try as I might, I simply could not swallow the mawkish-tasting medicine without
gagging.
insipid
excessively sentimental
nauseating
mushy
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Jane felt about whether to go to the party or not; on one hand it seemed like
fun, but on the other, she was very tired.
ambivalent
apathetic
happy
irritated
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Craig had that the day would not go well and just as he’d thought, he had
two pop quizzes.
an antidote
an interest
a premonition
a report
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Morality is not ;cultures around the world have different ideas about how
people should be treated.
debatable
universal
realistic
helpful
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Although Ms. Sanchez the student that he needed a good grade on the final
exam, he did not study at all.
admonished
congratulated
criticized
ridiculed
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
The accused waited for the trial to start with .
boredom
glee
trepidation
recreation
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Rubber’s remarkable to resume its original shape makes it one of the
world’s most materials.
aura…fractious
propensity…resilient
autonomy…erudite
ennui…gossamer
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
He is usually so courteous and that I was completely taken aback by his
unaccountably and surly reply to my question.
affable…brusque
fractious…scurrilous
equitable…erudite
straitlaced…querulous
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
“We must take immediate steps to counteract this highly dangerous development,” the
new President told his advisors, “for the longer we ,the more ? its
effects will be.”
procrastinate…pernicious
quail…prosaic
disseminate…deleterious
accrue…inimical
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
Though I can’t say that I relish the thriller as a literary form, I’m real of the
detective .
pundit…touchstone
iconoclast…matrix
persona…folderol
aficionado…genre
Sentence Completion: Choose the answer that best completes the meaning of the
sentence as a whole.
So much industrial waste has been dumped into that once clear lake that it has now
become a cesspool covered with all kinds of unsightly and potentially
dangerous .
primordial…concord
verdant…largesse
fecund…verbiage
murky…flotsam
William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. One of the first tasks he
26 as king was the building of a fortress in the city of London. 27 in 1066
and complected several years later by William’s son, William Rufus, this structure was
called the White Tower.
The Tower of London is not just one building, but an 18-acre complex of buildings.
In addition to the White Tower, there are 19 other towers. The Thames River flows by one
side of the complex and a large moat, 28 shallow ditch, surrounds it. 29 filled
with water, the moat was drained in 1843 and is now covered with grass.
The Tower of London is the city’s most popular tourist attraction. A great deal of
fascinating history has taken place within its walls. The tower has served as a fortress, royal
residence, prison, royal mint, public records office, observatory, military barracks, place of
execution, and city zoo.
As 30 as 1941, the tower was used as a prison for Adolf Hitler’s associate
Rudolf Hess. Although it is no longer used as a prison, the tower still houses the crown
jewels and a great deal of English history.
26
claimed
undertook
proceeded
endorsed
William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. One of the first tasks he
26 as king was the building of a fortress in the city of London. 27 in 1066
and complected several years later by William’s son, William Rufus, this structure was
called the White Tower.
The Tower of London is not just one building, but an 18-acre complex of buildings.
In addition to the White Tower, there are 19 other towers. The Thames River flows by one
side of the complex and a large moat, 28 shallow ditch, surrounds it. 29 filled
with water, the moat was drained in 1843 and is now covered with grass.
The Tower of London is the city’s most popular tourist attraction. A great deal of
fascinating history has taken place within its walls. The tower has served as a fortress, royal
residence, prison, royal mint, public records office, observatory, military barracks, place of
execution, and city zoo.
As 30 as 1941, the tower was used as a prison for Adolf Hitler’s associate
Rudolf Hess. Although it is no longer used as a prison, the tower still houses the crown
jewels and a great deal of English history.
27
Beginning
Begun
Began
Begin
William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. One of the first tasks he
26 as king was the building of a fortress in the city of London. 27 in 1066
and complected several years later by William’s son, William Rufus, this structure was
called the White Tower.
The Tower of London is not just one building, but an 18-acre complex of buildings.
In addition to the White Tower, there are 19 other towers. The Thames River flows by one
side of the complex and a large moat, 28 shallow ditch, surrounds it. 29 filled
with water, the moat was drained in 1843 and is now covered with grass.
The Tower of London is the city’s most popular tourist attraction. A great deal of
fascinating history has taken place within its walls. The tower has served as a fortress, royal
residence, prison, royal mint, public records office, observatory, military barracks, place of
execution, and city zoo.
As 30 as 1941, the tower was used as a prison for Adolf Hitler’s associate
Rudolf Hess. Although it is no longer used as a prison, the tower still houses the crown
jewels and a great deal of English history.
28
as
from
or
of
William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. One of the first tasks he
26 as king was the building of a fortress in the city of London. 27 in 1066
and complected several years later by William’s son, William Rufus, this structure was
called the White Tower.
The Tower of London is not just one building, but an 18-acre complex of buildings.
In addition to the White Tower, there are 19 other towers. The Thames River flows by one
side of the complex and a large moat, 28 shallow ditch, surrounds it. 29 filled
with water, the moat was drained in 1843 and is now covered with grass.
The Tower of London is the city’s most popular tourist attraction. A great deal of
fascinating history has taken place within its walls. The tower has served as a fortress, royal
residence, prison, royal mint, public records office, observatory, military barracks, place of
execution, and city zoo.
As 30 as 1941, the tower was used as a prison for Adolf Hitler’s associate
Rudolf Hess. Although it is no longer used as a prison, the tower still houses the crown
jewels and a great deal of English history.
29
Once
Although
While
Having
William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. One of the first tasks he
26 as king was the building of a fortress in the city of London. 27 in 1066
and complected several years later by William’s son, William Rufus, this structure was
called the White Tower.
The Tower of London is not just one building, but an 18-acre complex of buildings.
In addition to the White Tower, there are 19 other towers. The Thames River flows by one
side of the complex and a large moat, 28 shallow ditch, surrounds it. 29 filled
with water, the moat was drained in 1843 and is now covered with grass.
The Tower of London is the city’s most popular tourist attraction. A great deal of
fascinating history has taken place within its walls. The tower has served as a fortress, royal
residence, prison, royal mint, public records office, observatory, military barracks, place of
execution, and city zoo.
As 30 as 1941, the tower was used as a prison for Adolf Hitler’s associate
Rudolf Hess. Although it is no longer used as a prison, the tower still houses the crown
jewels and a great deal of English history.
30
early
openly
immediately
recently
Flax has been raised for many thousands of years, for many different reasons.
Probably the two most important reasons are for the fabric made from it and the oil
produced from it. The woody stem of the flax plant contains the long, strong fibers that are
used to make linen. The seeds are rich in an oil 31 for its industrial uses.
The people of ancient Egypt, Assyria, and Mesopotamia raised flax for clothes;
Egyptian mummies were wrapped in linen. 32 the discovery of its drying ability,
the oil from flaxseed, called linseed oil, has been used as a drying agent in paints and
varnishes.
The best fiber and the best seed cannot 33 the same kinds of plant. Fiber flax
grows tall and has few branches. It needs a short, cool growing season with plenty of
rainfall evenly distributed. Otherwise, the plants become woody and the fiber is rough and
dry. 34 , seed flax grows well in places 35 are too dry for fiber flax. The
plants are lower to the ground and have more branches.
31
important
fascinating
influential
scrupulous
Flax has been raised for many thousands of years, for many different reasons.
Probably the two most important reasons are for the fabric made from it and the oil
produced from it. The woody stem of the flax plant contains the long, strong fibers that are
used to make linen. The seeds are rich in an oil 31 for its industrial uses.
The people of ancient Egypt, Assyria, and Mesopotamia raised flax for clothes;
Egyptian mummies were wrapped in linen. 32 the discovery of its drying ability,
the oil from flaxseed, called linseed oil, has been used as a drying agent in paints and
varnishes.
The best fiber and the best seed cannot 33 the same kinds of plant. Fiber flax
grows tall and has few branches. It needs a short, cool growing season with plenty of
rainfall evenly distributed. Otherwise, the plants become woody and the fiber is rough and
dry. 34 , seed flax grows well in places 35 are too dry for fiber flax. The
plants are lower to the ground and have more branches.
32
From
Because of
Since
Together with
Flax has been raised for many thousands of years, for many different reasons.
Probably the two most important reasons are for the fabric made from it and the oil
produced from it. The woody stem of the flax plant contains the long, strong fibers that are
used to make linen. The seeds are rich in an oil 31 for its industrial uses.
The people of ancient Egypt, Assyria, and Mesopotamia raised flax for clothes;
Egyptian mummies were wrapped in linen. 32 the discovery of its drying ability,
the oil from flaxseed, called linseed oil, has been used as a drying agent in paints and
varnishes.
The best fiber and the best seed cannot 33 the same kinds of plant. Fiber flax
grows tall and has few branches. It needs a short, cool growing season with plenty of
rainfall evenly distributed. Otherwise, the plants become woody and the fiber is rough and
dry. 34 , seed flax grows well in places 35 are too dry for fiber flax. The
plants are lower to the ground and have more branches.
33
consist of
be obtained from
include
be contained from
Flax has been raised for many thousands of years, for many different reasons.
Probably the two most important reasons are for the fabric made from it and the oil
produced from it. The woody stem of the flax plant contains the long, strong fibers that are
used to make linen. The seeds are rich in an oil 31 for its industrial uses.
The people of ancient Egypt, Assyria, and Mesopotamia raised flax for clothes;
Egyptian mummies were wrapped in linen. 32 the discovery of its drying ability,
the oil from flaxseed, called linseed oil, has been used as a drying agent in paints and
varnishes.
The best fiber and the best seed cannot 33 the same kinds of plant. Fiber flax
grows tall and has few branches. It needs a short, cool growing season with plenty of
rainfall evenly distributed. Otherwise, the plants become woody and the fiber is rough and
dry. 34 , seed flax grows well in places 35 are too dry for fiber flax. The
plants are lower to the ground and have more branches.
34
On the other hand
Consequently
However
Moreover
Flax has been raised for many thousands of years, for many different reasons.
Probably the two most important reasons are for the fabric made from it and the oil
produced from it. The woody stem of the flax plant contains the long, strong fibers that are
used to make linen. The seeds are rich in an oil 31 for its industrial uses.
The people of ancient Egypt, Assyria, and Mesopotamia raised flax for clothes;
Egyptian mummies were wrapped in linen. 32 the discovery of its drying ability,
the oil from flaxseed, called linseed oil, has been used as a drying agent in paints and
varnishes.
The best fiber and the best seed cannot 33 the same kinds of plant. Fiber flax
grows tall and has few branches. It needs a short, cool growing season with plenty of
rainfall evenly distributed. Otherwise, the plants become woody and the fiber is rough and
dry. 34 , seed flax grows well in places 35 are too dry for fiber flax. The
plants are lower to the ground and have more branches.
35
whereas
there
where
that
Reading Comprehension: Read each of the following passages and choose the best
answer to each question.
Carrie Nation gained notoriety as a hatchet-wielding woman during the early part of
the twentieth century. She was married to an alcoholic and spent many years trying to
reform him. When that seemed impossible, she left him and married David Nation. Some
time after their marriage, Carried and David Nation moved to Kansas. The sale of alcohol
was illegal in Kansas; yet there were many establishments that sold alcoholic drinks.
Carried organized the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, which vehemently and
sometimes violently, fought the saloons. She believed that because saloons were illegal, she
was within her rights to destroy them, so she wrecked saloons with her hatchet. Carrie was
arrested thirty times in many cities around the country. Some say her eccentric behavior
was inherited from her mentally ill mother. Whatever the cause, Carrie Nation was a
well-known personality in the early 1900s and her efforts most probably helped the cause
of temperance, which led to the national prohibition of a alcohol in 1920.
The main purpose of the passage is to
examine the reasons that Carrie Nation was so eccentric.
explain the causes that led to the national prohibition of alcohol in 1920.
present an overview of the life and actions of a famous woman.
report on the Women’s Christian Temperance Union.
Reading Comprehension: Read each of the following passages and choose the best
answer to each question.
Carrie Nation gained notoriety as a hatchet-wielding woman during the early part of
the twentieth century. She was married to an alcoholic and spent many years trying to
reform him. When that seemed impossible, she left him and married David Nation. Some
time after their marriage, Carried and David Nation moved to Kansas. The sale of alcohol
was illegal in Kansas; yet there were many establishments that sold alcoholic drinks.
Carried organized the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, which vehemently and
sometimes violently, fought the saloons. She believed that because saloons were illegal, she
was within her rights to destroy them, so she wrecked saloons with her hatchet. Carrie was
arrested thirty times in many cities around the country. Some say her eccentric behavior
was inherited from her mentally ill mother. Whatever the cause, Carrie Nation was a
well-known personality in the early 1900s and her efforts most probably helped the cause
of temperance, which led to the national prohibition of a alcohol in 1920.
The word “cause” as used in the last sentence of the passage most closely means
excuse
goal
reason
rebellion
Reading Comprehension: Read each of the following passages and choose the best
answer to each question.
Carrie Nation gained notoriety as a hatchet-wielding woman during the early part of
the twentieth century. She was married to an alcoholic and spent many years trying to
reform him. When that seemed impossible, she left him and married David Nation. Some
time after their marriage, Carried and David Nation moved to Kansas. The sale of alcohol
was illegal in Kansas; yet there were many establishments that sold alcoholic drinks.
Carried organized the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, which vehemently and
sometimes violently, fought the saloons. She believed that because saloons were illegal, she
was within her rights to destroy them, so she wrecked saloons with her hatchet. Carrie was
arrested thirty times in many cities around the country. Some say her eccentric behavior
was inherited from her mentally ill mother. Whatever the cause, Carrie Nation was a
well-known personality in the early 1900s and her efforts most probably helped the cause
of temperance, which led to the national prohibition of a alcohol in 1920.
Which of the following best expresses the author’s attitude toward Carrie Nation?
Concern
Disgust
Neutrality
Respect
Reading Comprehension: Read each of the following passages and choose the best
answer to each question.
Carrie Nation gained notoriety as a hatchet-wielding woman during the early part of
the twentieth century. She was married to an alcoholic and spent many years trying to
reform him. When that seemed impossible, she left him and married David Nation. Some
time after their marriage, Carried and David Nation moved to Kansas. The sale of alcohol
was illegal in Kansas; yet there were many establishments that sold alcoholic drinks.
Carried organized the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, which vehemently and
sometimes violently, fought the saloons. She believed that because saloons were illegal, she
was within her rights to destroy them, so she wrecked saloons with her hatchet. Carrie was
arrested thirty times in many cities around the country. Some say her eccentric behavior
was inherited from her mentally ill mother. Whatever the cause, Carrie Nation was a
well-known personality in the early 1900s and her efforts most probably helped the cause
of temperance, which led to the national prohibition of a alcohol in 1920.
According to the author, the most probable legacy of Carrie Nation’s actions was
the destruction of saloons by women around the country.
the inquiry into genetic link to mental illness.
the legislation prohibiting the destruction of saloons.
the national prohibition of alcohol.
Reading Comprehension: Read each of the following passages and choose the best
answer to each question.
Carrie Nation gained notoriety as a hatchet-wielding woman during the early part of
the twentieth century. She was married to an alcoholic and spent many years trying to
reform him. When that seemed impossible, she left him and married David Nation. Some
time after their marriage, Carried and David Nation moved to Kansas. The sale of alcohol
was illegal in Kansas; yet there were many establishments that sold alcoholic drinks.
Carried organized the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, which vehemently and
sometimes violently, fought the saloons. She believed that because saloons were illegal, she
was within her rights to destroy them, so she wrecked saloons with her hatchet. Carrie was
arrested thirty times in many cities around the country. Some say her eccentric behavior
was inherited from her mentally ill mother. Whatever the cause, Carrie Nation was a
well-known personality in the early 1900s and her efforts most probably helped the cause
of temperance, which led to the national prohibition of a alcohol in 1920.
Which of the following does the passage imply was a reason for Nation’s attitude
toward temperance?
her first husband’s alcoholism
Her inability to have children
Her mother’s mental illness
Her move to Kansas
Reading Comprehension: Read each of the following passages and choose the best
answer to each question.
Carrie Nation gained notoriety as a hatchet-wielding woman during the early part of
the twentieth century. She was married to an alcoholic and spent many years trying to
reform him. When that seemed impossible, she left him and married David Nation. Some
time after their marriage, Carried and David Nation moved to Kansas. The sale of alcohol
was illegal in Kansas; yet there were many establishments that sold alcoholic drinks.
Carried organized the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, which vehemently and
sometimes violently, fought the saloons. She believed that because saloons were illegal, she
was within her rights to destroy them, so she wrecked saloons with her hatchet. Carrie was
arrested thirty times in many cities around the country. Some say her eccentric behavior
was inherited from her mentally ill mother. Whatever the cause, Carrie Nation was a
well-known personality in the early 1900s and her efforts most probably helped the cause
of temperance, which led to the national prohibition of a alcohol in 1920.
The author believes that Carrie Nation’s tactics are best described as
criminal but excusable
disturbed but entertaining
justified but ineffective
peculiar but bold
excerpt from Young Goodman Brown
by Nathaniel Hawthorne
1 Young Goodman (title of respect for farmer or householder) Brown came forth
at sunset into the street at Salem village; but put his head back, after crossing the
threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And Faith, as the wife was
aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the
pink ribbons on her cap while she called to Goodman Brown.
2 “Dearest heart,” whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were
close to his ear, “prithee put off your journey until sunrise and sleep in your own bed
to-night. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that she’s
afeard of herself sometimes. Pray tarry with me this night, dear husband, of all nights
in the year.”
3 “My love and my Faith,” replied young Goodman Brown, “of all nights in the
year, this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth
and back again, must needs be done ‘twixt now and sunrise. What, my sweet, pretty
wife, dost thou doubt me already, and we but three months married?”
4 “Then God bless you!” said Faith, with the pink ribbons; “and may you find all
well when you come back.”
5 “Amen!” cried Goodman Brown. “Say thy prayers, dear Faith and go to be at
dusk and no harm will come to thee.”
6 So they parted; and the young man pursued his way until being about to turn
the corner by the meetinghouse, he looked back and saw the head of Faith still
peeping after him with a melancholy air, in spite of her pink ribbons.
7 “Poor little Faith!” thought he, for his heart smote him. “What a wretch am I to
leave her on such an errand! She talks of dreams, too. Methought as she spoke there
was trouble in her face, as if a dream had warned her what work is to be done
to-night. But no, no; ‘twould kill her to think it. Well, she’s a blessed angel on earth;
and after this one night I’ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven.”
8 With this excellent resolve for the future, Goodman Brown felt himself
justified in making more haste on his present evil purpose. He had taken a dreary
road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let
the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was all as lonely as
could be; and there is this peculiarity in such a solitude, that the traveler knows not
who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs overhead; so
that with lonely footsteps he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude.
9 “There may be an Indian behind every tree,” said Goodman Brown to himself,
and he glanced fearfully behind him as he added, “What if the devil himself should
be at my very elbow!”
10 His head being turned back, he passed a crook of the road and looking forward
again, beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire, seated at the foot of an
old tree. He arose at Goodman Brown’s approach and walked onward side by side
with him.
11 “You are late, Goodman Brown,” said he. “The clock of the Old South was
striking as I came through Boston, and that is full fifteen minutes agone.”
12 “Faith kept me back a while,” replied the young man, with a tremor in his
voice, caused by the sudden appearance of his companion, though not wholly
unexpected.
During the Colonial period, the forest embodied all that was evil, including the
unknown. This is most apparent in which of the following paragraphs??
1 and 2
6 and 7
8 and 9
11 and 12
excerpt from Young Goodman Brown
by Nathaniel Hawthorne
1 Young Goodman (title of respect for farmer or householder) Brown came forth
at sunset into the street at Salem village; but put his head back, after crossing the
threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And Faith, as the wife was
aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the
pink ribbons on her cap while she called to Goodman Brown.
2 “Dearest heart,” whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were
close to his ear, “prithee put off your journey until sunrise and sleep in your own bed
to-night. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that she’s
afeard of herself sometimes. Pray tarry with me this night, dear husband, of all nights
in the year.”
3 “My love and my Faith,” replied young Goodman Brown, “of all nights in the
year, this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth
and back again, must needs be done ‘twixt now and sunrise. What, my sweet, pretty
wife, dost thou doubt me already, and we but three months married?”
4 “Then God bless you!” said Faith, with the pink ribbons; “and may you find all
well when you come back.”
5 “Amen!” cried Goodman Brown. “Say thy prayers, dear Faith and go to be at
dusk and no harm will come to thee.”
6 So they parted; and the young man pursued his way until being about to turn
the corner by the meetinghouse, he looked back and saw the head of Faith still
peeping after him with a melancholy air, in spite of her pink ribbons.
7 “Poor little Faith!” thought he, for his heart smote him. “What a wretch am I to
leave her on such an errand! She talks of dreams, too. Methought as she spoke there
was trouble in her face, as if a dream had warned her what work is to be done
to-night. But no, no; ‘twould kill her to think it. Well, she’s a blessed angel on earth;
and after this one night I’ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven.”
8 With this excellent resolve for the future, Goodman Brown felt himself
justified in making more haste on his present evil purpose. He had taken a dreary
road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let
the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was all as lonely as
could be; and there is this peculiarity in such a solitude, that the traveler knows not
who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs overhead; so
that with lonely footsteps he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude.
9 “There may be an Indian behind every tree,” said Goodman Brown to himself,
and he glanced fearfully behind him as he added, “What if the devil himself should
be at my very elbow!”
10 His head being turned back, he passed a crook of the road and looking forward
again, beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire, seated at the foot of an
old tree. He arose at Goodman Brown’s approach and walked onward side by side
with him.
11 “You are late, Goodman Brown,” said he. “The clock of the Old South was
striking as I came through Boston, and that is full fifteen minutes agone.”
12 “Faith kept me back a while,” replied the young man, with a tremor in his
voice, caused by the sudden appearance of his companion, though not wholly
unexpected.
In the final paragraph, Goodman Brown tells the man he meets in the woods that
“Faith kept me back a while.” Literally, he means that his wife made him late. What
other meaning could this remark have had?
His religious faith almost kept him from the journey.
His faith in his marriage was more important than the journey.
Faith is necessary to complete the things on is required to do.
The remark could have no meaning beyond the literal one.
excerpt from Young Goodman Brown
by Nathaniel Hawthorne
1 Young Goodman (title of respect for farmer or householder) Brown came forth
at sunset into the street at Salem village; but put his head back, after crossing the
threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And Faith, as the wife was
aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the
pink ribbons on her cap while she called to Goodman Brown.
2 “Dearest heart,” whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were
close to his ear, “prithee put off your journey until sunrise and sleep in your own bed
to-night. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that she’s
afeard of herself sometimes. Pray tarry with me this night, dear husband, of all nights
in the year.”
3 “My love and my Faith,” replied young Goodman Brown, “of all nights in the
year, this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth
and back again, must needs be done ‘twixt now and sunrise. What, my sweet, pretty
wife, dost thou doubt me already, and we but three months married?”
4 “Then God bless you!” said Faith, with the pink ribbons; “and may you find all
well when you come back.”
5 “Amen!” cried Goodman Brown. “Say thy prayers, dear Faith and go to be at
dusk and no harm will come to thee.”
6 So they parted; and the young man pursued his way until being about to turn
the corner by the meetinghouse, he looked back and saw the head of Faith still
peeping after him with a melancholy air, in spite of her pink ribbons.
7 “Poor little Faith!” thought he, for his heart smote him. “What a wretch am I to
leave her on such an errand! She talks of dreams, too. Methought as she spoke there
was trouble in her face, as if a dream had warned her what work is to be done
to-night. But no, no; ‘twould kill her to think it. Well, she’s a blessed angel on earth;
and after this one night I’ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven.”
8 With this excellent resolve for the future, Goodman Brown felt himself
justified in making more haste on his present evil purpose. He had taken a dreary
road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let
the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was all as lonely as
could be; and there is this peculiarity in such a solitude, that the traveler knows not
who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs overhead; so
that with lonely footsteps he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude.
9 “There may be an Indian behind every tree,” said Goodman Brown to himself,
and he glanced fearfully behind him as he added, “What if the devil himself should
be at my very elbow!”
10 His head being turned back, he passed a crook of the road and looking forward
again, beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire, seated at the foot of an
old tree. He arose at Goodman Brown’s approach and walked onward side by side
with him.
11 “You are late, Goodman Brown,” said he. “The clock of the Old South was
striking as I came through Boston, and that is full fifteen minutes agone.”
12 “Faith kept me back a while,” replied the young man, with a tremor in his
voice, caused by the sudden appearance of his companion, though not wholly
unexpected.
This excerpt suggests that all people must, at some time, choose between good and
evil. All of the following contribute to the reader’s perception that Goodman Brown
knows that he is about to embrace evil except
paragraph 3, Goodman Brown says, “…of all nights in the year, this one night
must I tarry away from thee.”
paragraph 7, Goodman Brown thinks, “…[it was] as if a dream had warned her
what work is to be done to-night.”
paragraph 8, “…Goodman Brown felt himself justified in making more haste on
his present evil purpose.”
paragraph 1, “Young Goodman Brown came forth at sunset into the street at Salem
village…”
excerpt from Young Goodman Brown
by Nathaniel Hawthorne
1 Young Goodman (title of respect for farmer or householder) Brown came forth
at sunset into the street at Salem village; but put his head back, after crossing the
threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And Faith, as the wife was
aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the
pink ribbons on her cap while she called to Goodman Brown.
2 “Dearest heart,” whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were
close to his ear, “prithee put off your journey until sunrise and sleep in your own bed
to-night. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts that she’s
afeard of herself sometimes. Pray tarry with me this night, dear husband, of all nights
in the year.”
3 “My love and my Faith,” replied young Goodman Brown, “of all nights in the
year, this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth
and back again, must needs be done ‘twixt now and sunrise. What, my sweet, pretty
wife, dost thou doubt me already, and we but three months married?”
4 “Then God bless you!” said Faith, with the pink ribbons; “and may you find all
well when you come back.”
5 “Amen!” cried Goodman Brown. “Say thy prayers, dear Faith and go to be at
dusk and no harm will come to thee.”
6 So they parted; and the young man pursued his way until being about to turn
the corner by the meetinghouse, he looked back and saw the head of Faith still
peeping after him with a melancholy air, in spite of her pink ribbons.
7 “Poor little Faith!” thought he, for his heart smote him. “What a wretch am I to
leave her on such an errand! She talks of dreams, too. Methought as she spoke there
was trouble in her face, as if a dream had warned her what work is to be done
to-night. But no, no; ‘twould kill her to think it. Well, she’s a blessed angel on earth;
and after this one night I’ll cling to her skirts and follow her to heaven.”
8 With this excellent resolve for the future, Goodman Brown felt himself
justified in making more haste on his present evil purpose. He had taken a dreary
road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let
the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was all as lonely as
could be; and there is this peculiarity in such a solitude, that the traveler knows not
who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs overhead; so
that with lonely footsteps he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude.
9 “There may be an Indian behind every tree,” said Goodman Brown to himself,
and he glanced fearfully behind him as he added, “What if the devil himself should
be at my very elbow!”
10 His head being turned back, he passed a crook of the road and looking forward
again, beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire, seated at the foot of an
old tree. He arose at Goodman Brown’s approach and walked onward side by side
with him.
11 “You are late, Goodman Brown,” said he. “The clock of the Old South was
striking as I came through Boston, and that is full fifteen minutes agone.”
12 “Faith kept me back a while,” replied the young man, with a tremor in his
voice, caused by the sudden appearance of his companion, though not wholly
unexpected.
This excerpt suggests that Hawthorne’s philosophical position includes which one of
the following ideas?
Man is predisposed to do evil.
Man’s first impulse is to do good.
Man creates his own reality.
Man is responsible for his actions.
Carrier Pigeons
1 People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of
years. In the 12th century, the royal palaces of Iraq and Syria included pigeon houses
so the kings could be kept informed of their generals’ victories and defeats on the
battlefield. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through
World War II.
2 In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by
relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting
Napoleon’s forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial
panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people
noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was
desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth, the Duke
of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the
bonds soared, and Rothschild became fabulously wealthy…all because his pigeons
had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.
3 Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire
country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and
Italy, in both World War I and World War II, used carrier pigeons. Not only were the
birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to
reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were
useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of
the armed services used the birds. In World War II, more than 3,000 soldiers and 150
officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the U.S.
Pigeon Service.
4 Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with
such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as
England’s Dicken Medal of Gallantry. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners
of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had
been trained to fly special missions for Germany, during battle. He was taken to
America, where he lived to the age of 32.
5 The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France
during World War I, he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On
his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194
American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French “Croix
de Guerre.”
6 Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see
on city streets. They are much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find
carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beak;
however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider
carriers the best of their breed.
7 Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place
to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people
would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons—especially those that served in the
military—have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher
Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel’s Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax
machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.
To learn how to send messages via carrier pigeon, a student should research which of
the following topics?
capture
habitat
training
anatomy
Carrier Pigeons
1 People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of
years. In the 12th century, the royal palaces of Iraq and Syria included pigeon houses
so the kings could be kept informed of their generals’ victories and defeats on the
battlefield. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through
World War II.
2 In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by
relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting
Napoleon’s forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial
panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people
noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was
desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth, the Duke
of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the
bonds soared, and Rothschild became fabulously wealthy…all because his pigeons
had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.
3 Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire
country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and
Italy, in both World War I and World War II, used carrier pigeons. Not only were the
birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to
reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were
useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of
the armed services used the birds. In World War II, more than 3,000 soldiers and 150
officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the U.S.
Pigeon Service.
4 Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with
such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as
England’s Dicken Medal of Gallantry. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners
of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had
been trained to fly special missions for Germany, during battle. He was taken to
America, where he lived to the age of 32.
5 The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France
during World War I, he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On
his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194
American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French “Croix
de Guerre.”
6 Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see
on city streets. They are much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find
carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beak;
however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider
carriers the best of their breed.
7 Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place
to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people
would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons—especially those that served in the
military—have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher
Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel’s Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax
machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.
In paragraph 2, “snapping up” means
giving away.
destroying.
throwing out.
buying.
Carrier Pigeons
1 People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of
years. In the 12th century, the royal palaces of Iraq and Syria included pigeon houses
so the kings could be kept informed of their generals’ victories and defeats on the
battlefield. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through
World War II.
2 In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by
relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting
Napoleon’s forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial
panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people
noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was
desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth, the Duke
of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the
bonds soared, and Rothschild became fabulously wealthy…all because his pigeons
had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.
3 Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire
country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and
Italy, in both World War I and World War II, used carrier pigeons. Not only were the
birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to
reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were
useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of
the armed services used the birds. In World War II, more than 3,000 soldiers and 150
officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the U.S.
Pigeon Service.
4 Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with
such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as
England’s Dicken Medal of Gallantry. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners
of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had
been trained to fly special missions for Germany, during battle. He was taken to
America, where he lived to the age of 32.
5 The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France
during World War I, he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On
his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194
American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French “Croix
de Guerre.”
6 Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see
on city streets. They are much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find
carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beak;
however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider
carriers the best of their breed.
7 Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place
to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people
would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons—especially those that served in the
military—have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher
Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel’s Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax
machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.
Which of the following statements from the passage supports the author’s conclusion
that carrier pigeons sometimes had a dangerous job?
In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by relying
on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons.
Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of the
armed services used the birds.
On his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of
194 American soldiers.
Many people find carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby
buildup of skin on the beak.
Carrier Pigeons
1 People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of
years. In the 12th century, the royal palaces of Iraq and Syria included pigeon houses
so the kings could be kept informed of their generals’ victories and defeats on the
battlefield. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through
World War II.
2 In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by
relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting
Napoleon’s forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial
panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people
noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was
desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth, the Duke
of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the
bonds soared, and Rothschild became fabulously wealthy…all because his pigeons
had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.
3 Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire
country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and
Italy, in both World War I and World War II, used carrier pigeons. Not only were the
birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to
reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were
useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of
the armed services used the birds. In World War II, more than 3,000 soldiers and 150
officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the U.S.
Pigeon Service.
4 Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with
such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as
England’s Dicken Medal of Gallantry. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners
of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had
been trained to fly special missions for Germany, during battle. He was taken to
America, where he lived to the age of 32.
5 The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France
during World War I, he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On
his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194
American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French “Croix
de Guerre.”
6 Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see
on city streets. They are much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find
carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beak;
however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider
carriers the best of their breed.
7 Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place
to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people
would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons—especially those that served in the
military—have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher
Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel’s Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax
machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.
The author provides specific dates throughout this passage in order to
show that carrier pigeons are more important in modern times than they were in
the pasts.
indicate the impact of carrier pigeons at significant points in history.
explain the causes and effects of world events.
avoid confusing the reader when switching back and forth between the past and
present times.
Carrier Pigeons
1 People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of
years. In the 12th century, the royal palaces of Iraq and Syria included pigeon houses
so the kings could be kept informed of their generals’ victories and defeats on the
battlefield. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through
World War II.
2 In 1815 an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by
relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting
Napoleon’s forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial
panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people
noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was
desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth, the Duke
of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the
bonds soared, and Rothschild became fabulously wealthy…all because his pigeons
had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.
3 Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire
country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and
Italy, in both World War I and World War II, used carrier pigeons. Not only were the
birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to
reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were
useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of
the armed services used the birds. In World War II, more than 3,000 soldiers and 150
officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the U.S.
Pigeon Service.
4 Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with
such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as
England’s Dicken Medal of Gallantry. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners
of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had
been trained to fly special missions for Germany, during battle. He was taken to
America, where he lived to the age of 32.
5 The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France
during World War I, he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On
his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194
American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French “Croix
de Guerre.”
6 Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see
on city streets. They are much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find
carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beak;
however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider
carriers the best of their breed.
7 Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place
to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people
would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons—especially those that served in the
military—have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher
Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel’s Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax
machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.
In order to understand the passage better, which topic should be researched?
How are modern communication devices better than carrier pigeons?
How did the Duke of Wellington defeat Napoleon at Waterloo?
How were carrier pigeons trained for use during wartime?
What types of medals were awarded for bravery during World War I?
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