Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
The at the museum is a world-renowned scholar whose research involves
exploring stone ruins to learn about the peoples who lived in them.
warden
skipper
curator
steward
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
She was staging an event to thank her for their support over the last twenty
years.
compatriots
havens
debris
apparatus
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
Uudernutrition can lead to extreme weight loss, growth, and weakened
resistance to infection.
stunted
wary
withheld
radial
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
The high-tech train, which was once as a step into the future, was replaced by
shuttle buses.
oppressed
floundered
undermined
hailed
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
A deer was rescued by wildlife workers after getting on an icy lake.
seducing
stranded
disposable
immense
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
This predictable relation between income and transport spending allowed us to conjecture
about the future.
plausibly
chronically
monotonously
latently
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
That everything old is new again is a simplistic on the tenets of upcycling, or
giving renewed purpose to something others send to landfills.
move
being
take
push
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
There could be a variety of resolutions to try for the new year: an updated
fitness , pursing new hobbies and getting organized are all options.
dietitian
regime
dictation
purgative
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
This is Josh’s favorite band even though every song the band plays seems to
with anger.
outrage
pulsate
discharge
discern
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
The general public’s interest in continuing education in recent years has been encouraged
by the economy and tough job market.
volatile
permeable
auspicious
promising
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
As Glasgow put it, “Legal constraints maintained that worked against any
single individual having too much power.”
a derangement
an orientation
a preponderance
an equilibrium
Vocabulary:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word is left out. Choose the
answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding letter on the answer
card.
Under the pale blue sky the trees seemed visibly to : yesterday’s bare branches
swelled into bud and would be in leaf by tomorrow. (By R. Brandon)
slack
burgeon
hurtle
eclipse
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
a mother taught her daughter cooking, so the family recipe could pass on to the
next generation.
Fading quickly are the days during when
The days were quickly fading at that
Quickly fading are the days when
Quickly are the days faded as
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
The hikers stormy weather on the way to the top of the mountain.
ran into
ran off
ran up
ran around
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
The design of the telescope trades fine resolution for .
large fields of a view
large field of views
a large fields of view
large field of view
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
People who like his style are not and buy the same products.
a kind rushing out
the kind to rush out
the kind rush out
a kind who rushes out
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
The violence looked spontaneous; .
it was anything but
but nothing could be sure
although it looked otherwise
although it did
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
He wasn’t conscious on his friend’s toes.
for having stepped
with stepping
of having stepped
at being stepped
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
The amount of time small-business managers spend at work .
have been increased
has increased
have increased
had been increased
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
Each tree alters the supply of resources, and , it changes its own chances for
survival.
in doing so
with doing so
for doing so
do so
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
the advertising ban on electronic media, sponsorship of tournaments has
granted substantial airtime.
Regardless
Although
Whereas
Despite
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
Scientists considered the connection between nutrition and intellectual development
straightforward.
being
been
to be
has been
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
Computers could take on a supervisory role, assigning speeds and directing
the passage of vehicles.
monitoring the roadways
have been monitored roadways
having been monitored the roadways
monitor the roadways
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
She wears cotton blouses 42% of the engagements she attends.
at
to
up
with
Grammar:
In each of the following 10 sentences there is a blank where a word, a phrase, or a clause is
left out. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence and write its corresponding
letter on the answer card.
The preparation and the cleanup afterward constitute the most difficult part of baking
apple pies. It actually takes longer to prepare and bake apple pies than .
they being eaten
they do to be eaten
it does for them to be eaten
it does be eaten them
Reading Comprehension:
Each reading passage is followed by five questions. Choose the best answer to each
question, and write its corresponding letter on the answer card.
Pain comes in a range of unpleasant flavors. But all pain has one thing in common: those
who endure it want it to stop. Over the past 20 years neurobiologists have learned a great deal
about the cellular circuits and the specialized molecules that carry pain signals. Today this
knowledge is being exploited to devise to devise new strategies for managing pain better and
causing fewer side effects. Indeed, more approaches than we have room to discuss are now
under study.
In the search for new analgesics, much effort has been directed toward the place where
hurtful signals typically originate: the periphery. Certain of the specialized molecules that
nociceptors use to detect noxious stimuli rarely occur elsewhere in the body. Blocking these
molecules would presumably shut off pain signaling without disrupting other physiological
processes and, thus, without causing unwanted side effects.
Suppose drug companies do develop a so-called magic bullet analgesic: a compound that
specifically and effectively eliminates the activity of one of the pain-transducing molecules on
nociceptors. Would this intervention provide relief from intractable pain? Maybe not, because
closing off a single entrance to the pain pathway might not be enough.
One way around this redundancy problem would be to administer a cocktail of inhibitory
molecules that targets multiple pain mechanisms. Another approach, though, would target
molecules that act more centrally, blocking the ability of all nociceptors-no matter what stimuli
initially activated them-to pass their pain signals to spinal cord neurons. But whether these
therapies help patients needs further research.
According to the passage, what are nociceptors?
They are stimuli.
They are uncommon nerves.
They are sensory nerves.
The are molecules.
Reading Comprehension:
Each reading passage is followed by five questions. Choose the best answer to each
question, and write its corresponding letter on the answer card.
Pain comes in a range of unpleasant flavors. But all pain has one thing in common: those
who endure it want it to stop. Over the past 20 years neurobiologists have learned a great deal
about the cellular circuits and the specialized molecules that carry pain signals. Today this
knowledge is being exploited to devise to devise new strategies for managing pain better and
causing fewer side effects. Indeed, more approaches than we have room to discuss are now
under study.
In the search for new analgesics, much effort has been directed toward the place where
hurtful signals typically originate: the periphery. Certain of the specialized molecules that
nociceptors use to detect noxious stimuli rarely occur elsewhere in the body. Blocking these
molecules would presumably shut off pain signaling without disrupting other physiological
processes and, thus, without causing unwanted side effects.
Suppose drug companies do develop a so-called magic bullet analgesic: a compound that
specifically and effectively eliminates the activity of one of the pain-transducing molecules on
nociceptors. Would this intervention provide relief from intractable pain? Maybe not, because
closing off a single entrance to the pain pathway might not be enough.
One way around this redundancy problem would be to administer a cocktail of inhibitory
molecules that targets multiple pain mechanisms. Another approach, though, would target
molecules that act more centrally, blocking the ability of all nociceptors-no matter what stimuli
initially activated them-to pass their pain signals to spinal cord neurons. But whether these
therapies help patients needs further research.
According to the passage, which of the following is true?
Pain is a pathway leading to a goal.
Molecules do not have side effects.
Spinal cord neurons can be another entrance.
Analgesics under investigation have to do with inhibition.
Reading Comprehension:
Each reading passage is followed by five questions. Choose the best answer to each
question, and write its corresponding letter on the answer card.
Pain comes in a range of unpleasant flavors. But all pain has one thing in common: those
who endure it want it to stop. Over the past 20 years neurobiologists have learned a great deal
about the cellular circuits and the specialized molecules that carry pain signals. Today this
knowledge is being exploited to devise to devise new strategies for managing pain better and
causing fewer side effects. Indeed, more approaches than we have room to discuss are now
under study.
In the search for new analgesics, much effort has been directed toward the place where
hurtful signals typically originate: the periphery. Certain of the specialized molecules that
nociceptors use to detect noxious stimuli rarely occur elsewhere in the body. Blocking these
molecules would presumably shut off pain signaling without disrupting other physiological
processes and, thus, without causing unwanted side effects.
Suppose drug companies do develop a so-called magic bullet analgesic: a compound that
specifically and effectively eliminates the activity of one of the pain-transducing molecules on
nociceptors. Would this intervention provide relief from intractable pain? Maybe not, because
closing off a single entrance to the pain pathway might not be enough.
One way around this redundancy problem would be to administer a cocktail of inhibitory
molecules that targets multiple pain mechanisms. Another approach, though, would target
molecules that act more centrally, blocking the ability of all nociceptors-no matter what stimuli
initially activated them-to pass their pain signals to spinal cord neurons. But whether these
therapies help patients needs further research.
In the passage, the word ‘administer’ means .
control
invent
produce
generate
Reading Comprehension:
Each reading passage is followed by five questions. Choose the best answer to each
question, and write its corresponding letter on the answer card.
Pain comes in a range of unpleasant flavors. But all pain has one thing in common: those
who endure it want it to stop. Over the past 20 years neurobiologists have learned a great deal
about the cellular circuits and the specialized molecules that carry pain signals. Today this
knowledge is being exploited to devise to devise new strategies for managing pain better and
causing fewer side effects. Indeed, more approaches than we have room to discuss are now
under study.
In the search for new analgesics, much effort has been directed toward the place where
hurtful signals typically originate: the periphery. Certain of the specialized molecules that
nociceptors use to detect noxious stimuli rarely occur elsewhere in the body. Blocking these
molecules would presumably shut off pain signaling without disrupting other physiological
processes and, thus, without causing unwanted side effects.
Suppose drug companies do develop a so-called magic bullet analgesic: a compound that
specifically and effectively eliminates the activity of one of the pain-transducing molecules on
nociceptors. Would this intervention provide relief from intractable pain? Maybe not, because
closing off a single entrance to the pain pathway might not be enough.
One way around this redundancy problem would be to administer a cocktail of inhibitory
molecules that targets multiple pain mechanisms. Another approach, though, would target
molecules that act more centrally, blocking the ability of all nociceptors-no matter what stimuli
initially activated them-to pass their pain signals to spinal cord neurons. But whether these
therapies help patients needs further research.
We can infer from the passage that .
There was neurobiological research on pain.
Pain is a one-way path.
Pain-transducing molecules are magical.
Patients are tolerable.
Reading Comprehension:
Each reading passage is followed by five questions. Choose the best answer to each
question, and write its corresponding letter on the answer card.
Pain comes in a range of unpleasant flavors. But all pain has one thing in common: those
who endure it want it to stop. Over the past 20 years neurobiologists have learned a great deal
about the cellular circuits and the specialized molecules that carry pain signals. Today this
knowledge is being exploited to devise to devise new strategies for managing pain better and
causing fewer side effects. Indeed, more approaches than we have room to discuss are now
under study.
In the search for new analgesics, much effort has been directed toward the place where
hurtful signals typically originate: the periphery. Certain of the specialized molecules that
nociceptors use to detect noxious stimuli rarely occur elsewhere in the body. Blocking these
molecules would presumably shut off pain signaling without disrupting other physiological
processes and, thus, without causing unwanted side effects.
Suppose drug companies do develop a so-called magic bullet analgesic: a compound that
specifically and effectively eliminates the activity of one of the pain-transducing molecules on
nociceptors. Would this intervention provide relief from intractable pain? Maybe not, because
closing off a single entrance to the pain pathway might not be enough.
One way around this redundancy problem would be to administer a cocktail of inhibitory
molecules that targets multiple pain mechanisms. Another approach, though, would target
molecules that act more centrally, blocking the ability of all nociceptors-no matter what stimuli
initially activated them-to pass their pain signals to spinal cord neurons. But whether these
therapies help patients needs further research.
What is the main idea of the passage?
Pain endurance
Pain treatment
Pain stimuli
Origin of pain
‘Bums on seats’ is a popular phrase in theatre marketing which underlines the reality of
the theatre world.
Just like any business, it has a dependence on revenue with actors to be paid and facilities
to satisfy even the most fickle audience. Even the most celebrated West End musicals suffer
this desperate need to put bums in seats, but the task is made considerably easier that London
theatre tickets can be bought online. The advantages that come with online ticketing are many,
but four in particular reflect the true value of that mode of purchase. They are accessibility,
speed, advanced planning and avoiding the queues.
Accessibility is key from the perspective of both the theatre and the theatre goer. Theatres
need to be able to reach out to the public to ensure that the widest possible market is tapped
into. A show may have a market of millions if they concentrate efforts in London only, but that
number increased to tens of millions if efforts expand nationwide.
Of course, for tourists or professionals from out of town, internet booking has made it
possible to arrange entertainment for a specific evening well in advance. With tickets secured
in advance, the itinerary can be made much clearer. Tourists, meanwhile, may include a night
on the West End on their list of things to do. Booking before even arriving in the city helps to
streamline their busy touring schedule.
The other advantage of purchasing London theatre tickets online is the fact that queuing is
avoided. It is perhaps the most unpleasant aspect of the traditional visit to the box office,
particularly when demand for Dirty Dancing tickets, for example, can have a person waiting
for hours before even reaching the box office window. Even the jaunt from home, through
traffic and crowds, adds time to the task, making the disappointment should the sold out sign
suddenly appear all the more cruel.
Purchasing tickets online has many advantages. The ability of the internet to expand
markets means that tickets are being bought by more than just Londoners, ensuring a longer
run and greater success for everybody involved.
“Even the most celebrated West End musicals suffer this desperate need to put bums in
seats.” What exactly is the desperate need?
Internet shopping.
Reality shows.
Ticket revenue.
Fickle audience.
‘Bums on seats’ is a popular phrase in theatre marketing which underlines the reality of
the theatre world.
Just like any business, it has a dependence on revenue with actors to be paid and facilities
to satisfy even the most fickle audience. Even the most celebrated West End musicals suffer
this desperate need to put bums in seats, but the task is made considerably easier that London
theatre tickets can be bought online. The advantages that come with online ticketing are many,
but four in particular reflect the true value of that mode of purchase. They are accessibility,
speed, advanced planning and avoiding the queues.
Accessibility is key from the perspective of both the theatre and the theatre goer. Theatres
need to be able to reach out to the public to ensure that the widest possible market is tapped
into. A show may have a market of millions if they concentrate efforts in London only, but that
number increased to tens of millions if efforts expand nationwide.
Of course, for tourists or professionals from out of town, internet booking has made it
possible to arrange entertainment for a specific evening well in advance. With tickets secured
in advance, the itinerary can be made much clearer. Tourists, meanwhile, may include a night
on the West End on their list of things to do. Booking before even arriving in the city helps to
streamline their busy touring schedule.
The other advantage of purchasing London theatre tickets online is the fact that queuing is
avoided. It is perhaps the most unpleasant aspect of the traditional visit to the box office,
particularly when demand for Dirty Dancing tickets, for example, can have a person waiting
for hours before even reaching the box office window. Even the jaunt from home, through
traffic and crowds, adds time to the task, making the disappointment should the sold out sign
suddenly appear all the more cruel.
Purchasing tickets online has many advantages. The ability of the internet to expand
markets means that tickets are being bought by more than just Londoners, ensuring a longer
run and greater success for everybody involved.
One complete paragraph with its designated theme was removed from the original article
due to space limit. Judging from the reasonable flow of the article, which of the following
do you think is the missing theme?
accessibility
speed
advanced planning
avoiding the queues
‘Bums on seats’ is a popular phrase in theatre marketing which underlines the reality of
the theatre world.
Just like any business, it has a dependence on revenue with actors to be paid and facilities
to satisfy even the most fickle audience. Even the most celebrated West End musicals suffer
this desperate need to put bums in seats, but the task is made considerably easier that London
theatre tickets can be bought online. The advantages that come with online ticketing are many,
but four in particular reflect the true value of that mode of purchase. They are accessibility,
speed, advanced planning and avoiding the queues.
Accessibility is key from the perspective of both the theatre and the theatre goer. Theatres
need to be able to reach out to the public to ensure that the widest possible market is tapped
into. A show may have a market of millions if they concentrate efforts in London only, but that
number increased to tens of millions if efforts expand nationwide.
Of course, for tourists or professionals from out of town, internet booking has made it
possible to arrange entertainment for a specific evening well in advance. With tickets secured
in advance, the itinerary can be made much clearer. Tourists, meanwhile, may include a night
on the West End on their list of things to do. Booking before even arriving in the city helps to
streamline their busy touring schedule.
The other advantage of purchasing London theatre tickets online is the fact that queuing is
avoided. It is perhaps the most unpleasant aspect of the traditional visit to the box office,
particularly when demand for Dirty Dancing tickets, for example, can have a person waiting
for hours before even reaching the box office window. Even the jaunt from home, through
traffic and crowds, adds time to the task, making the disappointment should the sold out sign
suddenly appear all the more cruel.
Purchasing tickets online has many advantages. The ability of the internet to expand
markets means that tickets are being bought by more than just Londoners, ensuring a longer
run and greater success for everybody involved.
“Even the jaunt from home, through traffic and crowds, adds time to the task, making the
disappointment should the sold out sign suddenly appear all the more cruel.” Which of the
following should be the least difficult?
The jaunt from home.
Traffic and crowds.
Waiting for hours.
The sold-out sign.
‘Bums on seats’ is a popular phrase in theatre marketing which underlines the reality of
the theatre world.
Just like any business, it has a dependence on revenue with actors to be paid and facilities
to satisfy even the most fickle audience. Even the most celebrated West End musicals suffer
this desperate need to put bums in seats, but the task is made considerably easier that London
theatre tickets can be bought online. The advantages that come with online ticketing are many,
but four in particular reflect the true value of that mode of purchase. They are accessibility,
speed, advanced planning and avoiding the queues.
Accessibility is key from the perspective of both the theatre and the theatre goer. Theatres
need to be able to reach out to the public to ensure that the widest possible market is tapped
into. A show may have a market of millions if they concentrate efforts in London only, but that
number increased to tens of millions if efforts expand nationwide.
Of course, for tourists or professionals from out of town, internet booking has made it
possible to arrange entertainment for a specific evening well in advance. With tickets secured
in advance, the itinerary can be made much clearer. Tourists, meanwhile, may include a night
on the West End on their list of things to do. Booking before even arriving in the city helps to
streamline their busy touring schedule.
The other advantage of purchasing London theatre tickets online is the fact that queuing is
avoided. It is perhaps the most unpleasant aspect of the traditional visit to the box office,
particularly when demand for Dirty Dancing tickets, for example, can have a person waiting
for hours before even reaching the box office window. Even the jaunt from home, through
traffic and crowds, adds time to the task, making the disappointment should the sold out sign
suddenly appear all the more cruel.
Purchasing tickets online has many advantages. The ability of the internet to expand
markets means that tickets are being bought by more than just Londoners, ensuring a longer
run and greater success for everybody involved.
Since accessibility is key, which of the following may not be a good idea?
Attempting to tap into the widest possible market.
Providing multiple ways for the audience to obtain tickets.
Sending frequent newsletters to the audience.
Asking the audience to purchase and pick up tickets in person.
‘Bums on seats’ is a popular phrase in theatre marketing which underlines the reality of
the theatre world.
Just like any business, it has a dependence on revenue with actors to be paid and facilities
to satisfy even the most fickle audience. Even the most celebrated West End musicals suffer
this desperate need to put bums in seats, but the task is made considerably easier that London
theatre tickets can be bought online. The advantages that come with online ticketing are many,
but four in particular reflect the true value of that mode of purchase. They are accessibility,
speed, advanced planning and avoiding the queues.
Accessibility is key from the perspective of both the theatre and the theatre goer. Theatres
need to be able to reach out to the public to ensure that the widest possible market is tapped
into. A show may have a market of millions if they concentrate efforts in London only, but that
number increased to tens of millions if efforts expand nationwide.
Of course, for tourists or professionals from out of town, internet booking has made it
possible to arrange entertainment for a specific evening well in advance. With tickets secured
in advance, the itinerary can be made much clearer. Tourists, meanwhile, may include a night
on the West End on their list of things to do. Booking before even arriving in the city helps to
streamline their busy touring schedule.
The other advantage of purchasing London theatre tickets online is the fact that queuing is
avoided. It is perhaps the most unpleasant aspect of the traditional visit to the box office,
particularly when demand for Dirty Dancing tickets, for example, can have a person waiting
for hours before even reaching the box office window. Even the jaunt from home, through
traffic and crowds, adds time to the task, making the disappointment should the sold out sign
suddenly appear all the more cruel.
Purchasing tickets online has many advantages. The ability of the internet to expand
markets means that tickets are being bought by more than just Londoners, ensuring a longer
run and greater success for everybody involved.
What would be a good title for this article?
Bums on Seats and the London Theatre
Advantages to Buying London Theatre Tickets Online
Why should the Audience Buy Tickets to London Theatre?
Ticketing as a Positive Boon for the Online London Theatre
It is a long-time debate whether or not the introduction of new technologies and new media
adds to the quality of education. Choose your own position on this debate and then provide
an argument of about 300 words for that position.
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