請以廠商差別訂價的經濟意義分析下列新聞(請盡量簡明扼要並善用圖形):「…
0.33 公升的鋁罐裝台灣啤酒在台灣的未稅售價為每罐23.42 元,但是提供給對岸
經銷商的建議售價,折合台幣卻只要17.2 元,台灣本地的售價顯然高於對岸,台
酒公司根本是欺負台灣人。…」(新聞摘自:2010 年02 月25 日中廣新聞網)(5%)
請解釋什麼是「效率」;什麼是「均衡」?請各舉一個例子說明: (15%)
(1) 在什麼情況下均衡是有效率的。
(2) 在什麼情況下均衡是沒有效率的。
請回答以下有關政府管制廠商的問題: (15%)
(1) 在一個產業中如果價格不等於邊際成本,是不是政府就有介入的空間?(請分
別以(a)價格高於邊際成本與(b)價格低於邊際成本兩種不同情況討論政府有沒
有什麼可以做的事情。)
(2) 政府如果以要求訂價等於邊際成本的方式來管制「天然獨佔廠商」(natural
monopoly),會產生什麼樣的問題?
(3) 如果問題(2)裡面的「天然獨佔廠商」改成「一般獨佔廠商」,答案會有何不同?
(1) A consumer’s utility function is U = xy , where x and y denote the amounts of
two goods. Please specify the consumer’s Marshallian demand curve for good x
if the consumer’s income equals 200. (5%)
(2) Based on the demand curve from (1), find the price elasticity of demand for x
when its price equals 5. (5%)
(1) In a competitive market, if firm entry is limited owing to some factors, what is a
firm’s long run economic profit and business (accounting) profit in this market?
Positive, zero or negative? Why? (5%, 5%)
(2) The rice market is competitive and the market price is low, so the government
decides to provide price support. In practice, the government promises to buy a
fixed amount of rice for each acre of land planting rice with a price higher than the
market price. If the fixed amount the government purchases for each acre of land is
less than the output each acre of land can grow, what are the effects of this price
support on the market supply curve of rice and the market equilibrium price? (10%)
可觀看題目詳解,並提供模擬測驗!(免費會員無法觀看研究所試題解答)