王小明,絕對(absolute)
王小明,比較(comparative)
李大同,比較(comparative)
以上皆非
月,hyperinflation
年,hyperinflation
月,superinflation
年,superinflation
若加總起來甲國是向世界其他國家借款,則我們可知
甲國有財政收支的盈餘
甲國有財政收支的赤字
甲國的進口小於其出口
甲國的出口小於其進口
下列何者屬於國民所得帳中的投資?
一修車技師所購買以作為修車用的新工具
一百股台積電的股票
一對新婚夫婦所購買的二十年中古屋
財政部發行的政府公債
根據下列資料,請計算乙國的失業率為何?人口= 100 ,勞動力= 80 ,受僱人數
= 70 ,失意的工人數(discouraged workers) = 5 。
10 /100×100
10 /80×100
15/80×100
5/ 70×100
當外國廠商以低於其生產成本的價格販售其出口品時,我們稱之為
A Nontariff barrier
A quota
Dumping
A tariff
中央銀的政策工具包括
貨幣基數
結構性的財政赤字
李嘉圖-巴洛效果(Ricardo-Barro effect)
公開市場操作
凱恩斯學派與貨幣學派皆認為經濟體系的波動是起因於
總合需求與總合供給曲線的移動
總合需求曲線的移動(絕大多數的時候)
結構性財政赤字的變動
財政政策的施行
假設台灣的投資需求意願遭受一個很大的負面衝擊,根據實質景氣循環模型(real
business cycle model)我們可以預期下列何種情況會發生?
央行會調降存款準備率
結構性財政赤字會增加
實質工資會上升
實質利率會下降
某篇報紙經濟專欄中指出,在預期中的擴張性貨幣政策會使得總產出增加,但若
此擴張性貨幣政策的實施是出乎社會大眾預料之外,則總產出的增加會更多。我
們可以合理推論撰寫此專欄的經濟學家應為
新古典學派經濟學家
貨幣學派經濟學家
新凱恩斯學派經濟學家
凱恩斯學派經濟學家
物價相對於工資上升的速度
物價相對於工資上升的時點
政府負債相對於實質國內生產毛額的大小
實際失業率相對於其自然失業率的水準
在1929 到1933 的大蕭條期間,美國的貨幣基數增加了20%,但是貨幣供給卻下
降了25%,其原因為
現金相對於存款的比例上升
銀行持有較少的超額準備
貨幣乘數在這段期間增加
貼現貸款數量增加
根據Heckscher-Ohlin 要素稟賦模型之分析,可以支持以下的何種論點?
國際貿易會使富裕國家的資本擁有者的狀況變得惡劣
國際貿易會使富裕國家的低技術勞工的狀況變得惡劣
國際貿易會使貧窮國家的勞工的狀況變得惡劣
國際貿易會使富裕國家的勞工的狀況變得惡劣
重力模型(gravity model)提供了以下何者的合理解釋?
亞洲與美國間的貿易比NAFTA 的貿易成長較快
勞務的貿易比財貨的貿易成長較快
歐盟國家間的貿易量超過歐盟國家對世界其他國家的貿易量
工業製造品的貿易比農產品的貿易成長較快
下列何者最適於定義-最適通貨區域(optimum currency area)?
一群國家使用相同的貨幣
一群國家或區域因為財貨與勞務的貿易而將經濟緊密相連
一群國家或區域因為生產因素的跨國移動而將經濟緊密相連
B 與C 皆正確
在IS-LM 模型中,財政政策的乘數效果會因下列何者而增加?
政府支出的大幅上升
貨幣供給的擴張
貨幣供給的緊縮
所得稅率的調降
假設美國淨出口的自主性水準(autonomous level)與日圓兌美金的匯率(yens per
dollar)有正相關,則在IS-LM 模型中,其他條件不變下,美金的升值會
使美國產出水準下降
產生排擠效果
使美國國民對美金的實值需求減少
使美國產出水準上升
假設消費與利率不相關,而計畫性的投資需求則與利率有負相關,則我們可知
貨幣需求與利率不相關
對財貨勞務的需求與利率不相關
貨幣政策並不會影響實質產出
以上皆非
國際三難課題(international trilemma)描述的是下列哪三件事是無法同時達成的?
通貨膨脹,失業與浮動匯率制度
本國貨幣政策自主性,資本自由移動與固定匯率制度
通貨膨脹,資本自由移動與固定匯率制度
本國貨幣政策自主性,通貨膨脹與固定匯率制度
一條較平坦的IS 曲線隱含總合需求曲線將會
較陡且乘數會變得較大
較平且乘數會變得較大
較陡且乘數會變得較小
較平且乘數會變得較小
The demand curve for automobiles will shift to the right if:
the price of automobiles decreases.
interest rates increase.
advertising expenditures increase.
the price of steel decreases.
Given limited budgets, consumers obtain the most satisfaction if they pruchase goods
and services that:
cost the least
provide the highest level of marginal utility.
provide the highest level of total utility.
provide the highest level of marginal utility per dollar spent.
If the income elasticity of demand for a good is greater than one, the good is:
an inferior good.
a noncyclical normal good.
a cyclical normal good.
neither a normal nor an inferior good.
When considering effects on the automobile market, a decrease in auto worker health
benefits leads to:
a shift in supply.
a shift in demand.
movement along the supply curve.
movement along the demand curve.
A production function specifies the:
maximum possible output that can be produced at a given cost.
maximum possible output that can be produced given varying degrees of
technological progress.
minimum cost necessary to produce a given output level.
minimum quantity of inputs necessary to produce a given output level.
Right-angle shaped isoquants reflect inputs that are:
inefficient
prefect complements
perfect substitutes
imperfect substitutes
In the decision process, management should always consider:
historical costs
relevant costs
sunk costs
implicit costs only
If the productivity of variable factors is decreasing in the short-run:
marginal cost must decrease as output increases.
marginal cost must increase as output increases.
average cost must decrease as output increases.
average cost must increase as output increases.
With the opportunity for beneficial learning, a firm's learning curve is:
upward sloping
downward sloping
horizontal
vertical
Fixed costs:
affect average variable costs.
influence marginal costs.
are used for short-run operating decisions.
can safely be eliminated from the short-run cost estimation process.
The marginal cost relation derived from a cubic cost function is a:
linear relation
multiplicative relation
quadratic cost function
cubic cost function
The demand curve for a unique product without substitutes is:
vertical
upward sloping
downward sloping
horizontal.
Wages for labor will be highest in labor markets consisting of:
perfectly competitive buyers and sellers.
perfectly competitive buyers and a monopolist.
a monopsonist and perfectly competitive sellers.
a monopsonist and monopolist.
A monopolistically competitive firm will earn short run positive economic profits if it
firm can set a price:
higher than minimum average cost.
equal to minimum average cost.
higher than average cost.
equal to marginal revenue.
Concentration rations:
understate the relative importance of domestic firms when import competition is
important.
overstate the relative importance of firms in local markets.
ignore potential entrants.
measure the degree of buyer concentration.
During off-peak periods, firms should base their markup pricing on:
historical costs
fully allocated costs
incremental costs
sunk costs
Successful price discrimination requires:
identical price elasticities among submarkets.
the ability to prevent transfers among customers in different submarkets.
inelastic demand in each submarket.
constant marginal costs.
A government policy that addresses market failures cause by positive externalities is:
the establishment of operating controls.
patent grants.
subsidies for pollution reduction.
tax policy.
Government seeks to aid economic efficiency in the case of natural monopoly through:
breaking the natural monopolist up into smaller competitors.
creating government-financed corporations to compete with the natural monopolist.
subsidizing competitors.
price regulation.
When the allowed rate of return exceeds the cost of capital:
industry will shift to capital intensive methods of production.
industry will not grow rapidly enough.
the combinations of inputs employed by the industry will be optimal.
the cost of capital will rise.
Above-normal profits reward:
innovation
inefficiency
workers
suppliers
Total revenue increase at a constant rate as output increases when average revenue:
is constant.
increases as output increases.
increases and then decreases as output increases.
exceeds price.
Incremental profit is:
the change in profits earned by the firm over a brief period of time.
the change in profit that results from a unitary change in output.
total revenue minus total cost.
the change in profit caused by a given managerial decision.
If marginal profit is positive, as output increases:
average profit must increase.
total profit must decrease.
total profit must increase.
average and total profit must increase
If you are indifferent between $1 and a lottery ticket that gives you a 0.001 chance of
winning $1,000 you are:
a risk seeker
risk neutral
risk averse
risk elastic
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