大華在分析某國去年的總體經濟資料時發現,該國的平均勞動生產力下降但是總
生產卻增加。請問大華找到最有可能造成此種情況的原因應為
這是正常狀況,沒有任何特殊原因
資本相對於產出的比例上升
勞動投入增加
失業率上升
小明以種植蘋果與捕龍蝦為生,他去年的收穫為1500 個蘋果以及600 隻龍蝦且他
認為1 隻龍蝦相當於3 個蘋果的價值。由於小玉幫忙他收成,所以他給了小玉300
個蘋果與100 隻龍蝦,小玉拿到後通通將它們吃掉了。請問小明的所得為
700 隻龍蝦
900 隻龍蝦
1100 隻龍蝦
2700 隻龍蝦
假設一國的私部門儲蓄為$1590 億,投資為$1940 億,而經常帳餘額為-$484 億。
請問政府部門的儲蓄為
−$134 億
−$844 億
$844 億
$134 億
小英花了$1200 買了一年期的政府公債,她一年後可以拿到本金加利息共$1308。
在她持有政府公債的那一年當中消費者物價指數由150 上升到162,但是小英原
先以為只會上升到159。請問小英原先預期的實質利率為 ______,但實際上的
實質利率則為 ______。
6%,1%
6%,3%
3%,1%
1%,3%
椰子國受到嚴重禽流感的侵襲,許多人民因此都離開了椰子國,但對該國的勞動
力需求並沒有太大的影響,原因在於椰子國所生產的產品大部分皆出口。請問在
此狀況下,就業人口與實質工資率會有什麼樣的變動?
就業人口與實質工資率皆上升
就業人口與實質工資率皆下降
就業人口會上升;實質工資率會下降
就業人口會下降;實質工資率會上升
香蕉共和國的勞動力參與率(labor force participation rate)為60%,該國有3 百萬人
失業,且有3 千萬人不屬於勞動力人口(labor force)。請問該國有多少就業人口?
3 千萬
4千2 百萬
4 千8 百萬
5 千4 百萬
假設歐巴馬政府決定利用減稅來對抗經濟衰退,因為減稅所造成的美國財政赤
字,根據李嘉圖等值理論(Ricardian equivalence proposition)應
會引起通貨膨脹
會引起經常帳赤字
會提高利率水準
不會影響消費水準
若是台灣的消費者在2007 年時就相信2008 年景氣會衰退,則2007 年的實質利率
應________而投資應________。
下降;減少
上升;增加
下降;增加
上升;減少
假設台灣銀行豁免非洲某國政府所欠的1 千萬新台幣,則此項交易如何紀錄在台
灣的國際收支帳上?
資本帳記錄−1 千萬,金融帳記錄+1 千萬
資本帳記錄+1 千萬,金融帳記錄−1 千萬
經常帳記錄−1 千萬,資本帳記錄+1 千萬
經常帳記錄+1 千萬,資本帳記錄−1 千萬
假設由於景氣嚴重衰退,台灣與美國政府同時決定降低企業營所稅,則此政策對
於兩國的經常帳與儲蓄的影響各為何?
台灣的經常帳會下降儲蓄會下降;美國的經常帳會上升儲蓄會下降
台灣的經常帳會下降儲蓄不變;美國的經常帳會上升儲蓄會下降
台灣的經常帳會上升儲蓄不變;美國的經常帳會上升儲蓄會下降
台灣的經常帳會上升儲蓄下降;美國的經常帳會上升儲蓄不變
內生成長理論試圖
用一貨幣供給成長率扮演重要角色的模型來取代索羅模型(Solow model)
解釋生產力變動的原因
顯示人口成長如何降低資本投入與產出
解釋經濟體系如何更容易達到所謂的“黃金規則(Golden Rule)“
假設目前金融業為了降低成本,要求支票存款帳戶中要保有1 萬元的最低餘額,
否則便要收取手續費。聽到這個消息後,小明便將他的定期存款1 萬元解約存到
支票存款帳戶中。請問此舉對於M1 與M2 的影響為何?
M1 增加1 萬元,M2 減少1 萬元
M1 不變,M2 不變
M1 不變,M2 減少1 萬元
M1增加1 萬元,M2 不變
下列何項總體經濟變數是順景氣循環(procyclical)且可以被放入經濟領先指標的
指數中?
企業固定投資(business fixed investment)
名目利率水準(nominal interest rates)
住宅投資(residential investment)
失業人數(unemployment)
假設日前澳州的大火十分嚴重,使得其一年的農作物生產量大幅下降,則此負向
的供給面衝擊可能會對於澳洲產生的影響為
物價水準上升且實質利率上升
物價水準上升,名目利率上升但實質利率下降
物價水準下降且實質利率下降
物價水準下降,名目利率下降且實質利率上升
最常被用來衡量生產力衝擊(productivity shocks)的是
盧卡斯供給曲線(Lucas supply curve)
索羅殘差項(Solow residual)
普雷斯科特生產力參數(Prescott productivity parameter)
基德蘭德因子(Kydland factor)
在當前嚴重衰退的景氣循環狀況下,一個篤信古典學派的經濟學家會告訴你以下
多理由,強調政府其實無法消除景氣循環,但其中不包括
政府對於經濟體系的資訊其實很不安全
一些政治力對於政策上的限制使得政府無法執行有效的政策
只有生產力衝擊才會造成實質的景氣循環波動
景氣衰退到有效的政策執行之間有時間落差,因而使得所有的總體經濟政策變
得不實際
在有效工資模型(efficiency wage model)之下,生產力的上升會使得
實質工資上升但產出不變
實質工資下降但產出不變
產出增加且實質工資下降
產出增加且實質工資不變
假設你是美國的聯邦準備理事主席。你是凱恩斯理論的信徒,且身為聯準會主席,
你的目標是維持經濟體系在充分就業水準的狀態。則當大眾預期通貨膨脹率會上
升時,你應該採取什麼樣的貨幣政策?而當企業的營所稅稅率上升時,你又應採
取什麼樣的貨幣政策?
寬鬆的;緊縮的
緊縮的;寬鬆的
寬鬆的;寬鬆的
緊縮的;緊縮的
假設瑞士法郎相對英磅升值但相對於日圓卻貶值,則由瑞士從國外進口的產品價
格會如何變動?
瑞士由英國及日本進口的產品價格皆下降
瑞士由英國及日本進口的產品價格皆上升
瑞士由英國進口的產品價格上升而由日本進口的產品價格下降
瑞士由英國進口的產品價格下降而由日本進口的產品價格上升
你發現最近美金升值,由於美國政府最近動作頻繁,所以你懷疑美金的升值是被
美國政府所影響的。下列何種原因最有可能使得美金的實質匯率升值?
貨幣供給增加
貨幣供給減少
政府支出的暫時性增加
暫時性的減稅
若我們使用凱恩斯模型來分析本國貨幣供給增加的短期影響,則本國產出
應 ________;本國實質利率應 ________;本國貨幣應 ________而本國淨出口(net
exports)應 ________。
減少;上升;升值;下降
增加;下降;貶值;下降
增加;下降;貶值;上升
增加;下降;升值;上升
在當前嚴重的金融海嘯情況下,若一般大眾 ________ 他們的現金對存款的比例
(currency-deposit ratio) , 且銀行 _________ 它們的準備對存款的比例
(currency-deposit ratio),則一國的貨幣供給會減少最多。
增加;增加
增加;減少
減少;增加
減少;減少
假設一國的準備對存款的比例(reserve-deposit ratio)為rr = 0.5 − 2i,其中i 為名目
利率。該國的現金對存款的比例(currency-deposit ratio)為0.2 且貨幣基數(monetary
base)等於100。該國的實質貨幣需求函數為L(Y, i) = 0.5Y −10i,其中Y為實質所
得。目前該國的實質利率等於4%,而大家對於通貨膨脹率的預期是6%。請問該
國的貨幣供給為
210
220
230
240
假設一國的實質貨幣需求可寫為L = 0.3Y − 600i,其中Y 為實質所得而i 為名目
利率。在均衡時實質貨幣需求等於實質貨幣供給M/P。若實質所得等於2000 而實
質利率等於5%,請問使得央行鑄幣稅收入(seigniorage)最大的通貨膨脹率應為
47%
47.5%
48%
48.5%
Economic profits for cable TV companies that arise due to restrictive local licensing
procedures are described by:
frictional profits theory.
monopoly profits theory.
innovation profits theory.
compensatory profits theory.
economic of scale theory.
The incremental profit earned from the production and sale of a new product will be
higher if:
excess capacity can be used to produce the new product.
the costs of materials needed to produce the new product increase.
the revenues earned from existing products decrease.
existing facilities used to produce the new product must be modified.
all of the above.
The minimax regret criterion directs the decision maker to select the alternative that:
minimizes opportunity cost.
maximizes opportunity loss.
provides the best outcome in the worse case scenario.
provides the worse outcome in the best case scenario.
all of the above.
The demand function for a product states the relation between the aggregate quantity
demanded and:
the market price, holding all the other factors that influence demand constant.
cost of production labor.
the aggregate quantity supplied.
consumer utility.
all factors that influence demand.
Farmers in certain areas of Tainan can grow either yam or corn. If the price of corn
increases:
the supply of yam will shift to the left.
the supply of yam will shift to the right.
the supply of corn will shift to the right.
the supply of both corn and yam will shift, but in opposite directions.
the supply of both corn and yam will shift in the same directions.
Which of the following is a leading economic indicator?
ratio of constant dollar inventories to sales for manufacture and trade.
average prime rate charged by banks.
change in credit for business and consumer borrowing.
commercial and industrial loans outstanding.
all of the above.
According to the law of diminishing returns, over some range of output:
every production function exhibits diminishing returns to scale.
total product will decrease as the quantity of variable input employed increase.
marginal revenue will decrease as the quantity of output increases.
marginal product will decrease as the quantity of variable input employed
increases.
all of the above.
Each point on a long-run average cost curve is the:
minimum point on the short-run average cost curve.
minimum point on the short-run marginal cost curve.
minimum long-run average cost of production.
minimum short-run average cost of production.
all of the above.
The dependent variable in an engineering cost estimation study might depict:
input prices.
variable costs.
operating conditions.
output.
all of the above.
Relevant costs for managerial decisions are:
sunk costs.
current costs.
historical costs.
future costs.
all of the above.
Economywide inflation rarely leads to:
changes in optimal input combinations.
proportional changes in the prices of all goods and services.
a significant impact on the cost projections that are relevant for managerial decision
making.
differences in the price-level changes of various inputs.
all of the above.
A basic assumption in cost/output analysis is that:
differences in unit costs reflect size-associated advantages in production due to
diseconomies of scale.
the least squares regression line lies above the true LRAC curve.
all firms are producing output efficiently given the scale of their operation.
the empirically estimated total cost/output relation traces a short-run cost curve.
all of the above.
In the short run, a perfectly competitive firm will shut down and produce nothing if:
the market price falls below the minimum average total cost.
total variable cost exceeds total revenue.
total cost exceeds total revenue.
excess profits equal zero.
none of the above.
A monopsony employer facing a perfectly competitive supply of labor would pay a
wage:
greater than marginal revenue product.
greater than the perfectly competitive wage.
equal to marginal revenue product.
less than the perfectly competitive wage.
none of the above.
In both monopolistic competition and oligopoly market structures;
there are many sellers.
there is easy entry and exit.
economic profits may be earned in the long run.
consumers perceive differences among the products of various competitors.
all of the above.
A perfectly functioning cartel leads to a price/output combination identical to an
industry that is:
monopolistic.
perfectly competitive.
monopolistically competitive.
oligopolistic.
all of the above.
The most prevalent pricing practice employed by business firms is:
setting price equal to marginal revenue.
setting price equal to average revenue.
setting price equal to average variable cost plus a charge for overhead and profit
margin.
setting price equal to average cost.
none of the above.
Consumers’ surplus is:
quantity supplied minus quantity demanded.
the costs consumers would have to pay to produce a product minus the amount paid
to sellers.
the value of a good to consumers of minus the amount paid sellers.
the consumer’s budget minus total expenditures.
all of the above.
When products A and B are produced in fixed proportions, profit will be maximized
when:
marginal cost equals marginal revenue of A.
marginal cost equals marginal revenue of B.
marginal cost equals marginal revenue of A plus B.
marginal cost of B equals zero.
none of the above.
No externalities exist when:
private benefits exceed social benefits.
private costs and benefits equal social costs and benefits.
private costs exceed social costs.
private benefits are less than social benefits.
none of the above.
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